Raws li bioactive peptide muab rho tawm los ntawm qhov chaw ntuj,qaub creamexerts cov teebmeem lom lom uas feem ntau poob rau hauv peb pawg loj: kev hloov kho ntawm cov lus teb inflammatory, kev kho mob cuam tshuam rau cov teeb meem, thiab toxicological profiles. Peb yam no cuam tshuam zoo thaum khaws lawv cov yam ntxwv. Lawv tsis tsuas yog hais txog qhov kev cia siab ntawm qhov kev tsim no rau kev tswj cov kab mob inflammatory, tab sis kuj txhais cov kev txwv kev nyab xeeb uas yuav tsum tau ua thaum siv cov tswv yim. Piv nrog rau lwm yam ntuj active peptides uas xa broad -spectrum teebmeem yam tsis muaj kev taw qhia tshwj xeeb, malittin nthuav tawm lub hom phiaj zoo kawg nkaus thiab sawv tawm nrog lub zog tshwj xeeb hauv kev tshawb fawb txog kev tshawb fawb thiab tiag - ntiaj teb daim ntawv thov scenarios. Daim ntawv no yuav ua ib qho kev sib tham hauv - qhov tob tob ntawm peb qhov tseem ceeb saum toj no, suav nrog cov txheej txheem ua haujlwm, cov xwm txheej siv tau zoo thiab cov yam ntxwv ntawm toxicological. Nws yog lub hom phiaj los txhais cov kev sib raug zoo ntawm cov khoom no thiab qhia txog cov txiaj ntsig ntawm meliittin rau kev tshawb fawb thiab kev siv ntxiv.
Peb Cov Khoom Txheej Txheem
Melittin COA
Yuav melittin: Tshawb nrhiav nws cov qauv amphiphilic thiab cell membrane puas ua haujlwm
Lub ntsiab molecular feature ntawmqaub creamlies nyob rau hauv nws cov cim amphiphilic conformation, uas endows nws nrog lub peev xwm ntawm transmembrane kev txiav txim, yog li ua rau cell puas tsuaj los ntawm kev cuam tshuam kev ncaj ncees ntawm lub cytomembrane. Cov txheej txheem no suav nrog ntau cov kauj ruam tas mus li xws li kev sib khi molecular, kev nkag mus rau hauv lub cev, qhov pore tsim, thiab kev tuag ntawm tes, thiab txhua kauj ruam nthuav tawm cov qauv tshwj xeeb ntawm kev ua.
01.Qhov kev faib tawm ntawm cov qauv amphiphilic molecular.
Nws cov molecule yog tsim los ntawm 26 protein monomer residues, thiab nws cov molecular conformation qhia pom tseeb polarization yam ntxwv. Lub cheeb tsam N-terminal yog tsim los ntawm hydrophobic protein monomer residues, nthuav tawm cov lipophilicity muaj zog thiab tuaj yeem tsim kev sib cuam tshuam hydrophobic sai nrog cov lipid bilayer qauv ntawm cytomembrane; C-terminus yog nplua nuj nyob rau hauv hydrophilic protein monomer residues thiab nqa cov nqi zoo heev.
Uas ua rau nws tsim electrostatic adsorption nrog tsis zoo them nyiaj phospholipid pawg ntawm cytomembrane nto, nteg lub hauv paus rau tom ntej transmembrane insertion. Cov qauv amphiphilic no tsis muaj nyob ruaj khov thiab dhau los ua qhov zoo sib xws -tuning hauv cov xov xwm ib puag ncig sib txawv. Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tom qab kev sib cuag nrog lub cytomembrane, nws cov molecular conformation yuav hloov los ntawm ib tug irregular kauj mus rau ib tug alpha helix qauv, ntxiv dag zog rau nws transmembrane muaj peev xwm. Qhov kev hloov pauv no yog qhov yuav tsum tau ua ua ntej rau nws lub peev xwm los tawm tsam cytomembrane puas tsuaj.
02.The dynamic txheej txheem ntawm cell membrane tsom binding thiab transmembrane insertion.
Nws cov molecules tsim tshwj xeeb electrostatic adsorption nrog cov pab pawg tsis zoo phospholipid nyob rau saum npoo ntawm cytomembrane los ntawm tus nqi zoo ntawm C-terminal. Qhov kev khi no muaj qee yam kev muaj peev xwm thiab muaj peev xwm khi rau cov cell membranes nrog ntau dua qhov tsis zoo ntawm cov nqi.
Tom qab khi, thaj tsam hydrophobic ntawm N-terminus yuav maj mam nkag mus rau hauv cov lipid bilayer qauv ntawm cytomembrane los ntawm kev sib cuam tshuam hydrophobic. Raws li kev hloov pauv ntawm molecular ntxiv, tag nrho cov meliittin molecule yuav maj mam hla daim nyias nyias, tsim cov molecular aggregates hauv zos. Cov txheej txheem no tsis tso siab rau kev sib kho ntawm cov neeg nqa khoom proteins thiab koom nrog cov txheej txheem passive transmembrane. Nws tus nqi yog feem ntau cuam tshuam los ntawm lipid bilayer muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm cov cell membrane, nto nqi ceev, thiab ib puag ncig pH tus nqi. Qhov siab dua qhov tsis zoo nqi ntawm qhov chaw cytomembrane, qhov siab dua qhov kev sib khi thiab kev ua haujlwm zoo.
03.The molecular mechanism ntawm cell membrane pore tsim thiab cell puas cuam tshuam.
Thaum cov concentration ntawm mellittin molecules nyob rau saum npoo ntawm cytomembrane nce mus txog ib theem, ntau mellittin molecules yuav sib sau ua ke, nrog rau lawv cov hydrophobic N-terminus tig rau sab hauv ntawm lipid bilayer thiab lawv hydrophilic C-terminus ntsib ob sab hauv thiab sab nraud ntawm daim nyias nyias ntawm daim nyias nyias. Hom pore no tsis yog cov duab ruaj khov, tab sis nthuav tawm cov yam ntxwv hloov pauv hloov pauv. Nws qhov pore loj tuaj yeem raug kho kom zoo raws li qhov sib sau ua ke ntawmqaub cream, feem ntau ntawm 1-5 nm.
Uas yog txaus tso cai rau me me molecular tshuaj (xws li electrolytes thiab me me molecule metabolites) nyob rau hauv lub cell kom dhau mus. Tom qab tsim cov pores, qhov permeability ntawm cytomembrane yuav nce zuj zus, ua rau muaj kev tsis sib haum xeeb ntawm intracellular homeostasis, poob loj ntawm electrolytes, to ntawm me me molecule metabolites, thiab nkag mus rau cov teeb meem tshuaj los ntawm sab nraum lub cell los ntawm lub pores, thaum kawg ua rau metabolic ntshawv siab, acropoptosis ntawm lub cell. Qhov kev puas tsuaj no yog nyob ntawm qhov concentration, nrog cov concentrations qis tsuas yog ua rau me ntsis nce hauv cytomembrane permeability, thaum cov concentrations siab sai ua rau ntau qhov pores, ua kom cov cell tuag.
Kev taw qhia txog kev pheej hmoo rau online melittin: Taw qhia rau nws cov yam ntxwv muaj zog toxicity
Txawm hais tias meliittin muaj cov kev cai tseem ceeb ntawm cov kab mob thiab kev cuam tshuam cov kab mob, nws kuj muaj cov yam ntxwv ntawm kev mob toxicity siab. Nws toxicity feem ntau yog tshwm sim nyob rau hauv cov kab mob pathological tshwm sim los ntawm kev siv ntau dhau, thiab qhia pom tseeb koob tshuaj dependence. Yog li ntawd, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum nruj me ntsis tswj qhov ntau npaum thiab tsis txhob muaj kev pheej hmoo thaum lub sijhawm ua ntawv thov.
01.Main toxicity manifestations thiab mechanisms.
Cov tshuaj lom neeg tshwm sim los ntawm ntau dhau ntawm mellittin feem ntau tsom rau peb yam: ua ntej, cov nyhuv hemolytic. Qhov no tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev ncaj ncees ntawm cov ntshav liab cytomembrane, ua rau kev tawg thiab tawg ntawm cov qe ntshav liab, tso tawm hemoglobin, thiab tom qab ntawd ua rau muaj teeb meem xws li hemoglobinuria thiab hyperkalemia. Cov txheej txheem feem ntau cuam tshuam nrog kev puas tsuaj ncaj qha ntawm malittin rau cov ntshav cell membrane; Qhov thib ob yog nqaij necrosis.
Ntau dhau ntawm mellittin tuaj yeem ua rau degeneration thiab necrosis ntawm cov leeg pob txha, tshwm sim raws li cov leeg mob, tsis muaj zog, nce creatine kinase, thiab hauv cov mob hnyav, cov leeg tsis ua haujlwm; Qhov thib peb yog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob zoo ib yam li anaphylactic shock. Qhov no tuaj yeem ua rau lub cev tsis muaj zog tiv thaiv kab mob hauv lub cev, ua rau kev tso tawm ntau ntawm histamine thiab lwm yam kev tsis haum tshuaj, ua rau muaj cov tsos mob ntawm anaphylactic shock xws li vasodilation, ntshav siab poob, thiab ua pa nyuaj. Hauv qhov xwm txheej hnyav, nws tuaj yeem ua rau txoj sia - hem.
02.Definition of koob-dependent toxicity.
Cov tshuaj lom ntawm melitin muaj feem cuam tshuam nrog kev siv ntau npaum li cas. Nyob rau hauv qhov tsim nyog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv, nws cov tshuaj lom neeg tuaj yeem tswj tau zoo yam tsis ua rau muaj kev puas tsuaj loj heev; Tab sis thaum cov koob tshuaj ntau tshaj qhov kev nyab xeeb, nws cov tshuaj lom yuav tshwm sim sai sai, thiab qhov kev puas tsuaj yuav ua rau muaj kev puas tsuaj ntau ntxiv. Cov kev sim tshuaj toxicity tseem ceeb tau lees paub tias cov koob tshuaj tuag 50 (LD50) ntawm melitin txhaj intraperitoneally yog 4.98mg / kg, thiab hemolytic ib nrab zoo concentration (HD50) yog 0.44 μ g / ml. Thaum cov koob tshuaj ntau tshaj li qhov pib, nws yuav ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam loj heev thiab ua rau lub cev puas tsuaj.
03.Clinical ceeb toom ntawm toxicity txaus ntshai.
Lub siab toxicity ntawmqaub creamtxiav txim siab tias nws cov koob tshuaj yuav tsum tau tswj nruj me ntsis thaum nws daim ntawv thov kom tsis txhob siv ntau dhau, thiab kev kuaj kev tsis haum yuav tsum tau ua kom tsis txhob muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm anaphylactic shock. Hauv kev cuam tshuam kev kho mob thiab kev tshawb fawb, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum tau kho qhov ntau npaum li cas thiab kev xa khoom ntawm melitin raws li daim ntawv thov scenario thiab lub cev lub cev, txo qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov tshuaj lom, thiab xyuas kom muaj kev nyab xeeb thiab ua tau zoo ntawm nws daim ntawv thov.
Core Antimicrobial Properties thiab Application Prospects ntawm Melittin
Nyob rau hauv cov ntsiab lus, muaj peev xwm bactericidal thiab tshem tawm muaj peev xwm, ua ke nrog rau inhibitory kev ua si tiv thaiv cov kab mob nyob rau hauv lub hnab, sib koom ua ke tsim cov core antimicrobial nqi ntawm melitiin. Ua tsaug rau nws qhov kev nthuav dav zoo kawg nkaus -spectrum antibacterial kev ua tau zoo thiab muaj peev xwm ua rau tsis tshua muaj tshuaj tiv thaiv, cov khoom siv ntuj no qhia tau hais tias muaj peev xwm loj hlob zoo hauv kev tiv thaiv thiab kho mob ntawm cov kab mob tshwm sim los ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob - cov kab mob resistant.
Tsis tas li ntawd, nws tuaj yeem cuam tshuam tshwj xeeb cov kab mob hauv lub hnab nrog rau HIV thiab tus kab mob herpes simplex, uas ua rau nws nthuav dav nws cov xwm txheej hauv kev tiv thaiv - kis kab mob. Tag nrho cov yam ntxwv saum toj no muaj kev cuam tshuam txog kev sib tw ntawm cov tshuaj melittiin raws li lub ntuj bioactive peptide. Lub caij no, cov kev tshawb fawb txog kev tshawb fawb muaj peev xwm ua tau raws li cov txheej txheem theoretical thiab cov lus qhia ua tau zoo rau cov kev tshawb fawb hauv paus thiab kev hloov kho kho mob tsom rau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob. Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj, malittin tseem qhib cov tswv yim tshawb fawb tshiab thiab cov lus qhia siv tau los daws cov teeb meem thoob ntiaj teb ntawm kev siv tshuaj - tiv thaiv kab mob kab mob thiab kab mob kab mob.
Cov ntaub ntawv
Li Z, Wang H, Chen H. Conformational hloov ntawm melitin thiab nws lub zog ntawm daim nyias nyias. Phau ntawv Journal of Biomolecular Structure and Dynamics, 2024, 42(5): 2890-2901.
Wang Min, Li Juan, Zhao Yang Cov kev tswj xyuas cov nyhuv ntawm muv venom peptide ntawm myocardial hluav taws xob ua haujlwm thiab nws cov tshuaj tiv thaiv arrhythmic Suav Journal of Cardiovascular Disease, 2023, 51 (6): 601-607
Zhang Q, Li M, Wang Y. Dual tswj cov nyhuv ntawm meliittin ntawm lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob thiab nws daim ntawv thov kev cia siab. Immunology Letters, 2024, 265: 108345.
Kev kho mob ntawm Bee Venom thiab Malittin ntawm daim tawv nqaij kab mob tshwm sim los ntawm Streptococcus pyogenes (https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9611473/)
Melittin (https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/biochemistry-genetics-and-molecular-biology/melittin#:~:text=Melittin%20is%20defined%20as%20a,clinical%20diseases%20%).
FAQ
Kev kho mob ntawm muv venom yog txwv vim muaj cytotoxicity siab ntawm melitin. Peb tau txheeb xyuas qhov cytotoxicity ntawm meittin - tau txais peptides siv MTS kev soj ntsuam. Raws li qhov xav tau, melitin pom muaj zog cytotoxicity hauv BEAS-2B hlwb ntawm qhov siab ntawm 5 μM lossis siab dua (Daim duab 2A).
Lub 26-residue cytolytic peptide mellttin yog lub ntsiab tivthaiv, los ntawm qhov hnyav, ntawm cov venom ntawm tag nrho cov tswv cuab ntawm genus apis, Honeybees.Interestingly, qhov sib txawv ntawm ntau hom zib muv muaj feem xyuam rau cov compositions ntawm txhua yam ntawm lawv venoms. Mellttin cov ntsiab lus sib txawv ntawm cov muv sib txawv; Piv txwv li, cov qib hauv A. dorsata, A. mellifera, A.
Cim npe nrov: Tuam Tshoj melittin cream manufacturers, lwm tus neeg
